Tsesarevich, meaning ‘crown prince’ in Russian, was begun in May 1899 at the French Toulon shipyard. It was designed according to the latest ship standards with a displacement of 12,912 tons, 20 coal-fired boilers and equipped with the 304mm gun. In 1903 Tsesarevich was completed and joined the tsarist Russia Pacific Squadron as flagship. During the Russo-Japanese naval battle, Tsesarevich hit the Japanese battleship Mikasa, with the subsequent damage forcing open the back of Jiaozhou Bay. In 1914, with the outbreak of World War I, Tsesarevich joined the front lines of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.