A Heartfelt Honor: The Birth of the Purple Heart on August 7, 1782!
The Purple Heart, originally known as the Badge of Military Merit, was established by George Washington on August 7, 1782, during the Revolutionary War. This prestigious award was initially granted to only three soldiers and authorized to be issued by subordinate officers. Despite its early establishment, the badge fell into obscurity until its revival in the 20th century.
On October 10, 1927, efforts began to reinstate the Badge of Military Merit, but progress stalled until 1931 when General Douglas MacArthur reintroduced the idea. Elizabeth Will, a heraldic specialist, was tasked with redesigning the medal, leading to the creation of the Purple Heart, which features a profile of Washington. The medal was officially revived on February 22, 1932, coinciding with Washington's 200th birthday.
The criteria for the award were established shortly thereafter, initially allowing for those wounded in action or with specific military citations to apply. The first Purple Heart was awarded to MacArthur himself. Throughout World War II, the criteria expanded to include meritorious service before being restricted solely to combat wounds.
After its reauthorization, veterans of earlier conflicts, such as the Civil War and the Spanish-American War, were allowed to apply for the Purple Heart, provided they could prove their injuries. Over the years, various executive orders and legislative amendments have modified eligibility, including posthumous awards and recognition for injuries from terrorist attacks.
During World War II, a staggering 1.5 million Purple Hearts were manufactured, anticipating high casualty rates. After the war, a significant number remained in stock, allowing for immediate distribution to wounded soldiers in later conflicts, including Iraq and Afghanistan.
As of recent estimates, the awards have totaled over 1 million for conflicts ranging from World War I to current operations. Every year, August 7 is commemorated as "National Purple Heart Day," honoring the sacrifices of those who have been wounded in service to the nation.
Collectors of stamps and military memorabilia might find the history of the Purple Heart particularly fascinating, as it embodies the valor and sacrifice of American soldiers throughout history. The stories behind these medals can enhance any collection, serving as a reminder of the bravery and dedication of those who have served.
Check out this YouTube video on The Day Washington created the Purple Heart.
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